近年來,傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)已經(jīng)邁向智能工業(yè),以數(shù)字化和信息化為核心的工業(yè)自動化系統(tǒng)日益成熟。但是伴隨著產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,工控系統(tǒng)背后隱藏的安全問題逐漸顯現(xiàn)。
In recent years, the traditional industry has been moving towards intelligence, digitization and information into the core of industrial automation systems is becoming more and more mature.But with the development of industry, industrial control system behind the hidden safety problems gradually revealed.
劉迎表示,當(dāng)前我國工控系統(tǒng)面臨的風(fēng)險主要在以下幾個方面:
1、工控系統(tǒng)安全漏洞百出。由于工控軟硬件產(chǎn)品在設(shè)計之初就很少考慮安全問題,導(dǎo)致安全漏洞不斷涌現(xiàn)。今年以來,國家工業(yè)安全中心發(fā)現(xiàn)國內(nèi)工控系統(tǒng)安全漏洞數(shù)百個,分布在裝備制造、交通、能源、智能樓宇等重要工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。
2、攻擊難度正在降低。由于黑客大會、白帽社區(qū)、開源社區(qū)的出現(xiàn),大量工控系統(tǒng)軟硬件設(shè)備的漏洞及利用方式都可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上以各種渠道獲得。尤其是在github等開源社區(qū),很多關(guān)于工控設(shè)備的弱口令信息及工控系統(tǒng)的掃描、探測、滲透方法被公布。
3、工控系統(tǒng)很容易成為國家之間網(wǎng)絡(luò)對抗及黑客定向攻擊的目標(biāo)。如2017年上半年在全球范圍爆發(fā)的“勒索病毒”攻擊事件,已對能源、交通等領(lǐng)域的工控系統(tǒng)造成一定影響。近期網(wǎng)上還出現(xiàn)一款專門攻擊電力領(lǐng)域工控系統(tǒng)的新型惡意軟件。它能夠通過入侵系統(tǒng)引發(fā)大規(guī)模停電,同時造成設(shè)備損壞和級聯(lián)故障。
In recent years, the traditional industry has been moving towards intelligence, digitization and information into the core of industrial automation systems is becoming more and more mature.But with the development of industry, industrial control system behind the hidden safety problems gradually revealed.
并且隨著工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)從封閉走向開放,大規(guī)模的互聯(lián)互通為攻擊者提供了更多攻擊路徑,因此新工業(yè)技術(shù)如工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、工業(yè)云、工業(yè)大數(shù)據(jù)等應(yīng)用將帶來新的安全風(fēng)險。
In recent years, the traditional industry has been moving towards intelligence, digitization and information into the core of industrial automation systems is becoming more and more mature.But with the development of industry, industrial control system behind the hidden safety problems gradually revealed.
面對風(fēng)險,國家一直在想方設(shè)法增強(qiáng)工控系統(tǒng)的防御能力。針對工控系統(tǒng)安全防護(hù),我國是世界少數(shù)幾個專門發(fā)布“體系化”安全防護(hù)指導(dǎo)性文件的國家。
In recent years, the traditional industry has been moving towards intelligence, digitization and information into the core of industrial automation systems is becoming more and more mature.But with the development of industry, industrial control system behind the hidden safety problems gradually revealed.
此外,劉迎還表示,保障工控系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全,除了需要有關(guān)部門出臺相關(guān)政策保障安全、完善相應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范以外,還應(yīng)該建立面向工業(yè)企業(yè)安全評估常態(tài)化工作機(jī)制。通過建設(shè)工業(yè)4.0安全風(fēng)險信息共享與應(yīng)急聯(lián)動工作體系,組織、協(xié)調(diào)行業(yè)監(jiān)管部門、研究機(jī)構(gòu)、制造企業(yè)、安全廠商攜手合作。依托國家工業(yè)信息安全產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展聯(lián)盟,推動工控安全防護(hù)形成產(chǎn)、學(xué)、研、用生態(tài)體系。
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